Subscribe

Sign up for free

  • Get quick access to your favorite articles

  • Manage alerts on breaking news and favorite drivers

  • Make your voice heard with article commenting.

Autosport Plus

Discover premium content
Subscribe

How DRS has skewed Formula 1's overtaking records

Max Verstappen broke a 32-year-old record this season by clocking up 78 overtaking moves but is it as impressive as it sounds?

Before we answer the question, it's important to outline the criteria in which the data has been collated.

An overtaking move is classed as one that takes place during complete flying laps - so the opening lap is discounted - and is maintained all the way to the lap's finish line.

Position changes due to major mechanical problems or lapping/unlapping are not counted, nor are place changes made during pitstops.

Verstappen ended Niki Lauda's reign at the top, with the Austrian having held the record since 1984 with 60 passes.

Now, as the table below shows, Lauda is one of only two drivers - Michael Schumacher the other - in the top 10 to have achieved his best tally before the DRS overtaking aid was introduced in 2011.

Top 10 F1 drivers with most overtakes

Based on overtaking statistics from 1984-2016

Driver Year Overtakes Av.erage per race
1 Max Verstappen 2016 78 3.71
2 Daniel Ricciardo 2016 61 2.90
3 Sebastian Vettel 2012 60 3.00
4 Michael Schumacher 2003 60 3.75
5 Niki Lauda 1984 60 3.75
6 Felipe Massa 2013 59 3.10
7 Mark Webber 2013 59 3.10
8 Jean-Eric Vergne 2012 58 2.90
9 Sergio Perez 2016 56 2.66
10 Kimi Raikkonen 2013 56 2.95

Verstappen's form this season has been undeniably strong, with his performance in Brazil particularly impressive as he clocked up 13 passes under the criteria.

But like his team-mate Daniel Ricciardo, who moved into second place in the table this year with 61, 17 passes behind Verstappen, both had the benefit of DRS.

They also achieved the feat in the longest F1 season on record with 21 races and in an era when Pirelli has been asked to produce high-degradation tyres.

That compares to just 16 races when Lauda set the previous record, while Schumacher's tally of 60, just one fewer than Ricciardo, was set over the same number.

If the table was reshuffled based on average passes per race, Lauda and Schumacher would share the record with 3.75 passes per race, with Verstappen dropping to third with 3.71.

Meanwhile, Vettel, who jointly held the previous record, would drop to sixth overall.

The impact of DRS is even more stark when you compare the total number of overtakes per year since 1990.

F1 overtakes per season

Full data from 1990-2016

Year Overtakes Races Av.erage per race
1990 494 16 30.9
1991 495 16 30.9
1992 406 16 25.4
1993 392 16 24.5
1994 289 16 18.1
1995 297 17 17.5
1996 186 16 11.6
1997 265 17 15.6
1998 207 16 12.9
1999 260 16 16.3
2000 279 16 16.4
2001 230 17 13.5
2002 235 17 13.8
2003 303 16 18.9
2004 287 18 16.2
2005 207 19 10.9
2006 291 18 16.2
2007 270 17 15.9
2008 267 18 14.8
2009 211 16 13.2
2010 452 19 23.8
2011 821 19 43.2
2012 870 20 43.5
2013 760 19 40.0
2014 636 19 33.5
2015 509 19 26.8
2016 866 21 41.2

When DRS was introduced in 2011, the number of passes nearly doubled from 452 to 821 and was nearly four times of that of seasons during the late '90s and early '00s.

It's also notable that when a regulation change has been introduced, such as in 2009 (pictured) and '14, the number of passes has fallen compared to the previous year.

Various factors influenced the overtaking figures, such as pitstops, particularly when tyre changes became more common in the early 1990s.

Average number of passes per race 1990-2016

NB. F1 races featured refuelling from 1994-2009

When refuelling was introduced in 1994, the figures took a further tumble and they stayed low through the early part of the 21st century.

When F1's rulemakers started tinkering with the qualifying format from 2003 the figures increased slightly but remained low.

They then rose dramatically when DRS and Pirelli's tyres with higher degradation were introduced.

Using the criteria, there have been 14,914 passes since 1983, with nearly a third of those - 4462 - occurring in the last six seasons when DRS has been available.

Statistics compiled by Michele Merlino

Be part of the Autosport community

Join the conversation
Previous article Ex-Williams F1 test driver Susie Wolff made MBE in New Year Honours
Next article Horner: Mercedes still favourite for 2017 F1 titles

Top Comments

There are no comments at the moment. Would you like to write one?

Sign up for free

  • Get quick access to your favorite articles

  • Manage alerts on breaking news and favorite drivers

  • Make your voice heard with article commenting.

Autosport Plus

Discover premium content
Subscribe