Sebastian Vettel flies to European Grand Prix pole position

Williams driver Maldonado looked set to start first for the second time this season - having inherited Barcelona pole after Hamilton was penalised - as he surged to the top with a 1m38.475s lap in the closing moments of qualifying.

But Vettel was putting in a spectacular lap in the revised Red Bull, coming through to depose Maldonado by nearly four tenths of a second with a 1m38.086s.

Hamilton's McLaren then slipped ahead of Maldonado by 0.065s with the Briton's final lap.

Lotus could not quite produce the pole challenge that many had predicted, but still qualified better than has often been the case this year, with Romain Grosjean and Kimi Raikkonen lining up fourth and fifth.

The astonishingly close initial stages of the session claimed several early victims - including both Ferraris, Michael Schumacher's Mercedes and Mark Webber's Red Bull, none of which made it into the top 10.

That was in part because a host of underdogs proceeded to Q3, with both Force Indias and Sauber's Kamui Kobayashi reaching the top 10.

The Force Indias both made appearances inside the top four during Q3 before being edged back to eighth (Nico Hulkenberg) and 10th (Paul di Resta), split by Jenson Button's McLaren.

Kobayashi took seventh, just behind Nico Rosberg's Mercedes.

Less than three tenths of a second covered the top 13 cars in Q2, and several top teams were squeezed out.

Most significantly for the title battle and most disappointing for the Spanish crowd was that Alonso missed out on Q3 by 0.004s, as lapping just 0.218s off pacesetter Grosjean left him 11th. Schumacher squeezed in between the two Ferraris in 12th, with all three less than 0.08s from the Q3 cut-off.

The other early shock was that Webber only managed 19th, hampered by hydraulic issues and a lack of DRS on his Red Bull.

The session gave Heikki Kovalainen and Caterham another chance to star, and the Finn outpaced both Toro Rossos to take 16th on the grid, behind Bruno Senna (Williams) and Sergio Perez (Sauber), both of whom were some way off their team-mates' pace in Q2.

It was a tough session for Marussia. While Timo Glock was sidelined by illness, his team-mate Charles Pic was unable to beat either HRT.

Pos  Driver                Team                 Time         Gap   
 1.  Sebastian Vettel      Red Bull-Renault     1m38.086s
 2.  Lewis Hamilton        McLaren-Mercedes     1m38.410s  + 0.324
 3.  Pastor Maldonado      Williams-Renault     1m38.475s  + 0.389
 4.  Romain Grosjean       Lotus-Renault        1m38.505s  + 0.419
 5.  Kimi Raikkonen        Lotus-Renault        1m38.513s  + 0.427
 6.  Nico Rosberg          Mercedes             1m38.623s  + 0.537
 7.  Kamui Kobayashi       Sauber-Ferrari       1m38.741s  + 0.655
 8.  Nico Hulkenberg       Force India-Mercedes 1m38.752s  + 0.666
 9.  Jenson Button         McLaren-Mercedes     1m38.801s  + 0.715
10.  Paul di Resta         Force India-Mercedes 1m38.992s  + 0.906
Q2 cut-off time: 1m38.703s                                   Gap **
11.  Fernando Alonso       Ferrari              1m38.707s  + 0.218
12.  Michael Schumacher    Mercedes             1m38.770s  + 0.281
13.  Felipe Massa          Ferrari              1m38.780s  + 0.291
14.  Bruno Senna           Williams-Renault     1m39.207s  + 0.718
15.  Sergio Perez          Sauber-Ferrari       1m39.358s  + 0.869
16.  Heikki Kovalainen     Caterham-Renault     1m40.295s  + 1.806
17.  Daniel Ricciardo      Toro Rosso-Ferrari   1m40.358s  + 1.869
Q1 cut-off time: 1m40.087s                                   Gap *
18.  Jean-Eric Vergne      Toro Rosso-Ferrari   1m40.203s  + 1.378
19.  Mark Webber           Red Bull-Renault     1m40.395s  + 1.570
20.  Vitaly Petrov         Caterham-Renault     1m40.457s  + 1.632
21.  Pedro de la Rosa      HRT-Cosworth         1m42.171s  + 3.346
22.  Narain Karthikeyan    HRT-Cosworth         1m42.527s  + 3.702
23.  Charles Pic           Marussia-Cosworth    1m42.675s  + 3.850

107% time: 1m45.742s